TOWER

• Calculate of the haulage of liquids for the vapor
• Calculate of the flooding of the trays

PIPES

• Calculate of the decibels taken place by the step of the fluid in the pipe

PUMPS

• Calculate of the minimum pressure before the cavitation

VALVES

• Calculate of the minimum pressure before the cavitation

FURNACES

• Calculate the consumption of the fuel
• Calculate of the reactions happened among of the tubes

BOILERS

• Calculate of the sure diameter of the pipe of the boiler
• Calculate of the lost of heat of the boiler
• Calculate of the reactions happened by the contamination

HEAT EXCHANGERS

• Calculate of the temperature of the tube
• Calculate of the flow with phase change.

Density - program online for pure compound

 

           For liquids

 

            to obtain the density of a liquid the following formula is used:

 



 

            Where             ρ_liq is the density of the pure liquid (gr/cm3)

                                    A and B are constant that they depend on the compound.

                                    Tr is the reduced temperature.

 

           For the Gases

 

             to obtain the density of a gas the following formula is used:





 

            Where             ρ_gas is the density of the gas (gr/cm3)

                                    P is the total pressure (Atm)

                                    M is the molecular weight (gr).

                                    z is the factor of compressibility of the gas.

                                    T is the temperature of the gas (°K)

                                    R is the constant of the gas = 0.082

 

            For the Mixture

 

             to obtain the density average of the mixture the following formula is used

 



 

            Where            ρ_M is the density average of the mixture (gr/cm3)

                                    ρ is the density of the component i (gr/cm3)

                                    V is the volume that occupies according to its fraction molar (cm3)

Special case in density of hydrocarbons

Viscosity - program online for pure compound

 

;            For the liquids

 

             to obtain the viscosity of a liquid the following formula is used:





 

            Where             μ_liq is the viscosity of the liquid (kg/m*s)

                                    A, B, C and D are constant that it depends on the compound

                                    T is the temperature (°K)

 

            For the gases

 

             to obtain the viscosity of a gas the following formula is used:





 

            Where             μ_gas is the viscosity of the gas (kg/m*s)

                                    A, B and C are constant that it depends on the compound

                                    T is the temperature (°K)

 

            For the Mixture

 

             to obtain the viscosity of the mixture the following formula is used





 

            Where             μ_mixture is the viscosity of the mixture (kg/m*s)

                                    μ_i is the viscosity of each compound (kg/m*s)

                                    x_i is the fraction molar of the mixture

 

Caloric capacity

 

            For the liquids

 

            to obtain the caloric capacity of a liquid the following formula is used:





 

            Where             C_p-liq is the caloric capacity of a pure liquid (cal/mol-°K).

                                     A, B and C are constant that they depend on the compound

                                    T is the temperature to which is the liquid. (°K)

                                    M is the molecular weight of the compound (gr).

  

            For the gases

 

            to obtain the caloric capacity of a gas the following formula is used:

 



 

            Where             C_p-gas is the caloric capacity of a gas (cal/mol-°K).

                                    A, B, C and D are constant that they depend on the compound

                                    T is the temperature. (°K)

 

            For the mixture

 

            to obtain the caloric capacity the mixture the following formula is used:

 

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            Where             Cp_M is the caloric capacity of the mixture (cal/mol°K)

                                    Cp_i is the caloric capacity of the component i (cal/mol°K).

                                    x_i is the fraction molar of the component i

 

Thermal Conductivity

 

            For the liquids

 

            to obtain the thermal conductivity of a liquid the following formula is used:





 

            Where             k_liq is the thermal conductivity of the pure liquid (w/m°K)

                                    A, B, C is constant that they depend on the liquid

                                    T is the temperature (°K)

 

            For the gases

 

             to obtain the thermal conductivity of a gas the following formula is used:





 

            Where             k_gas is the thermal conductivity of the gas (w/m°K)

                                    A, B, C is constant that it depends on the gas.

                                    T is the temperature (°K)

 

            For the mixture

 

             to obtain the thermal conductivity of the mixture the following formula is used:

 



 

            Where             k_m is the thermal conductivity of the mixture (w/m°K)

                                    k_i is the thermal conductivity of the component i

                                    x_i is the fraction molar of the component i.

 

Latent heat of Vaporization

 

            For a pure compound

 

            to obtain the latent heat of vaporization the following formula is used:

 



 

 

            Where             ΔH_vap is the latent heat of vaporization (kj/mol)

                                    A, α, β is constant that it depends on the compound

                                    T_r is the reduced temperature

 

Enthalpy

 

            For the liquids

 

             to obtain the genitalia of a liquid the following formula is used:

 

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            Where             ΔH_liq is the enthalpy of the liquid (cal/mol)

                                    C_p-liq is the caloric capacity of the liquid (cal/mol°K)

                                    T is the temperature of the liquid (°K)

 

            For the gases

 

             to obtain the enthalpy of a gas the following formula is used:





 

            Where             ΔH_gas is the enthalpy of the gas (cal/mol)

                                    C_p-gas is the caloric capacity of the gas (cal/mol°K)

                                    ΔH_vap is the latent heat of vaporization (kj/mol)

                                    C_p-liq is the caloric capacity of the liquid (cal/mol°K)

                                    T is the temperature of the liquid (°K)

                                    Teb is the temperature of boil to a given pressure.

Factor ki - program online for pure compound

 

            to obtain the factor ki of each compound is used their properties you criticize and value asentric:





 

           Where              Pr is the reduced pressure

                                   Tr is the reduced temperature

                                   ω is the factor asentric

 

Factor Z - program online for pure compound





 

           Where             z is the factor of compressibility.

                                  T is the temperature(°R)

                                  P is the pressure (psi) (P <5000 psi)

                                  Sg is the specifies gravity. (0.5 - 0.8)

                                  F1 = P(0.251*Sg-0.15)-0.202*Sg+1.106

                                  F2=1.4e-0.0054(T-460).

                                  F3=A1*P5+A2*P4+A3*P3+A4*P2+A5*P

                                  F4={0.154-0.152*Sg}*P(3.185*Sg-1)e-0.5*P-0.02

                                  F5=0.35*{(0.6-Sg)E-1.039(P-1.8)2}

                                  A1=0.001946

                                  A2=-0.027635

                                  A3=0.136315

                                  A4=-0.23849

                                  A5=0.105168

                                  A6=3.44x108

 

Temperature of boil - program online for pure compound

 

           to calculate the temperature of boil of a mixture the following equality should be completed:





 

           Where             k_i is the balance coefficient to a pressure and given temperature.

                                   x_i is the fraction molar of the compound i.

.

 

Condensation temperature - program online for pure compound

 

           to calculate the temperature of condensation of a mixture the following equality should be completed:

 



 

           Where             k_i is the balance coefficient to a pressure and given temperature.

                                  x_i is the fraction molar of the compound i.

Chart for the conductivity thermal of the gas

Chart for the conductivity thermal of the liquid